The results of exposure studies, acute toxicity studies, and reproduction-developmental studies undertaken to define health risks associated with occupational exposure to a retort water sample are discussed. This investigation represents the first animal toxicity evaluation of a retort water and therefor incorporated a broad base of various tests selected to determine toxicity as a function of exposure route and species exposed. Results are interpreted as to their occupational health significance. On the basis of this study a limited number of specific tests have been selected for use in cost-effective, comparative screening of additional retort waters and waters significant to oil shale processing, in general (ERB)