Date of Images: During Event: 5/6/2024 Pre-Event: 4/21/2024 Summary: The Advanced Rapid Imaging and Analysis (ARIA) and Observational Products for End-Users from Remote Sensing Analysis (OPERA) teams at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and California Institute of Technology derived the surface water extent flood maps using the OPERA Dynamic Surface Water Extent (DSWx) from NASA Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) products. The results posted here are preliminary and unvalidated results, primarily intended to aid the field response and people who wanted to have a rough first look at the inundation extent. ARIA/OPERA flood map derived from DSWx-HLS The ARIA/OPERA flood map is derived from two OPERA DSWx-HLS images taken on April 21, 2024 and May 06, 2024. These maps depict areas of new water detection that is interpreted as flood. The flood map was created by reclassifying the DSWx-HLS data into two new classes (1) water and (2) not water then taking the difference between the two images. The new water class includes DSWx-HLS classes for open water, partial surface water, and HLS snow/ice. We note the HLS snow/ice mask often misclassified sediment rich water as snow/ice. This reclassification was necessary to capture flood extent. The new not water class includes DSWx-HLS classes not water and HLS cloud/cloud shadow. OPERA DSWx-HLS OPERA DSWx-HLS data was used to identify surface water using the B01_WTR layer. Two images were examined 1) April 21, 2024 and 2) May 6, 2024. Each image consists of multiple MGRS tiles that were merged together for a composite image saved as a GeoTIFF file. OPERA DSWx-HLS data availability The post-processed products are available to download at https://aria-share.jpl.nasa.gov/202405-RioGrandeSul_Brazil-floods/. The OPERA DSWx-HLS products have been in production since April 2023, are freely distributed to the public via NASA's Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (PO.DAAC), and can be downloaded through NASA's Earthdata search. For more information about the OPERA project and other products, visit https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/go/opera. For more information about the Dynamic Surface Water eXtent product suite, please refer to the DSWx Product page: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/go/opera/products/dswx-product-suite For more information about the Caltech-JPL ARIA project, visit https://aria.jpl.nasa.gov Suggested Use: The OPERA DSWx-HLS Water product classifies the Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) input imagery into "not water", "open surface water", and “partial surface water”. The "HLS cloud/cloud shadow" and "HLS snow/ice" layers are direct inputs from the HLS FMask. Areas with "open water" are dark blue and "partial surface water" are light blue in the OPERA WTR layer. Areas with clouds or cloud shadows are light gray. An area identified as cloud, cloud shadow, or adjacent to cloud/cloud shadow according to input HLS quality assurance (QA) data. Areas with no water detected are white. An area with valid data that is not water, snow/ice, cloud/cloud shadow, or ocean masked. This layer is meant to provide users with a quick view for water/no-water. Invalid data classes (cloud/cloud shadow along with adjacent to cloud/cloud shadow) are also provided to indicate areas in which the classification does not provide water/no-water classification. Note: Sediment rich water is sometimes misclassified as snow/ice by the HLS QA mask. For more information about how the OPERA DSWx-HLS Water product classifies data: https://d2pn8kiwq2w21t.cloudfront.net/documents/ProductSpec_DSWX_URS309746.pdf Satellite/Sensor: Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) on European Space Agency's (ESA) Copernicus Sentinel-2A/2B satellites Resolution: 30 meters Credits: NASA JPL-Caltech ARIA Team, NASA, NASA Disasters Program Esri REST Endpoint: See URL section on right side of page WMS Endpoint: https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/ags04/services/brasil_flood_2024/ARIA_Water_Maps_derived_from_OPERA_DSWx_product_suite_for_Brasil_Flooding_and_Landslides/MapServer/WMSServer Data Download: https://aria-share.jpl.nasa.gov/202405-RioGrandeSul_Brazil-floods/DSWx-HLS/