Seabirds are long-lived, upper trophic level predators that are integral components of marine ecosystems. During the breeding season, seabirds are central place foragers and must return to their nests to incubate eggs and provision young throughout the day. As such, they have limited foraging ranges during that time and will benefit from protected areas within these ranges. Marine protected areas (MPAs) can provide both direct and indirect benefits to seabirds. Direct benefits involve reducing the direct interactions seabirds have with humans like incidental take and gear entanglement as well as human- caused disturbance to breeding and roosting sites. Indirect benefits involve reducing competition with humans for prey resources. Many coastally breeding seabirds rely on juvenile age classes of fished species. Decreases in adult fish catch can lead to increased spawning biomass and, thus, more seabird prey. Herein, we summarize the results of baseline seabird monitoring within the South Coast Study Region (SCSR) of California’s Marine Life Protection Act (MLPA) Initiative in 2012-2013. The long-term objectives of our monitoring are to 1) document how seabirds are using coastal and nearshore habitats in relation to newly established MPAs and 2) develop seabirds as indicators to study the processes (e.g., recruitment) impacting change resulting from MPA establishment, including changes in nearshore fish and invertebrate populations and human use patterns that can impact seabirds. Funding for baseline monitoring was provided by SeaGrant, Project Number R/MPA-28 (Grant No. MPA 10-049).
Use of Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats by Seabirds, California South Coast MPA Baseline Study, 2011 to 2013
Metadata for the observer lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Observer Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for the coordinate lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Coordinate Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Status lookup table for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Status Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Location lookup table metadata for the Least Tern diet in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Least Tern Diet - Location Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Lookup table for the sources data for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Sources Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Observer lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Observer Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the Beaufort lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Beaufort Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Taxon lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Taxon Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the coordinate lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Coordinate Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Relay lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Relay Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Observer data for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Observer Data, 2012-2013
Methods and sampling metadata for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Methods and Sampling Metadata
Metadata for the Least Tern diet in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats data in the South Coast region of California.
Taxon lookup table for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Taxon Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Coordinate lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Coordinate Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the Beaufort lookup table for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Beaufort Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for the observer lookup table for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Observer Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for methods and sampling for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Methods and Sampling Metadata
Pelagic Cormorant data for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Pelagic Cormorant Data, 2012-2013
Metadata for the reaction lookup table for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Reaction Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Data for the Least Tern diet in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Methods and sampling metadata for the Least Tern diet data in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Least Tern Diet - Methods and Sampling Metadata
Location lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Location Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Date last observed for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Date Last Observed Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the observer lookup table for the Least Tern diet in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Least Tern Diet - Observer Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Beaufort lookup table for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Beaufort Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the coordinate lookup table for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Coordinate Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Visibility lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Visibility Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Methods and Sampling metadata for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Methods and Sampling Metadata
Hatch date lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Hatch Date Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Observer lookup table for the Least Tern diet in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Least Tern Diet - Observer Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Nest condition lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Nest Condition Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the taxon lookup table for the Least Tern diet in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Least Tern Diet - Taxon Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Observer lookup table for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Observer Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Western Gull data for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Western Gull Data, 2012-2013
Metadata for the coordinate lookup table for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Coordinate Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for the location lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Location Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for lookup table for the MPA Baseline program.
MPA Baseline Program - Lookup Table Metadata
Species data for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Species Data, 2012-2013
Boundary lookup table for MPA Baseline Program.
MPA Baseline Program - Boundary Lookup Table
Metadata for the species data for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Species Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for the Boundary Lookup Table for the MPA Baseline Program.
MPA Baseline Program - Boundary Lookup Table Metadata
Metadata for the offspring data for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Offspring Metadata, 2012-2013
Interval lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Interval Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the observer lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Observer Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for the block lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Block Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats data in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Study Metadata, 2012-2013
Location lookup table for the Least Tern diet in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Least Tern Diet - Location Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for visibility lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Visibility Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Beaufort lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Beaufort Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Lay date lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Lay Date Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the taxon lookup table for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Taxon Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Observer lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Observer Lookup table, 2012-2013
Location lookup table for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Location Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for relay lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Relay Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metafdata for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats data in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Metadata, 2012-2013
Taxon lookup table for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Taxon Lookup Table, 2012-2013
metadata for nest condition for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Nest Condition Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for hatch date for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Hatch Date Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Study Data for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Study Data, 2012-2013
Sources data for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Sources Data, 2012-2013
Metadata for the sources data for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Sources Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for date last observed for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Date Last Observed Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats data in the South Coast region of California.
Reaction lookup table for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Reaction Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Zip file of all files related to the Use of Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats by Seabirds, California South Coast MPA Baseline Study.
Full Data Package for Use of Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats by Seabirds, California South Coast MPA Baseline Study, 2011 to 2013
Data for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Data, 2012-2013
Metadata for the location lookup table for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Location Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Coordinate lookup table for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Coordinate Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Active lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Active Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the location lookup table for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Location Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for the status lookup table for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Status Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Seabirds are long-lived, upper trophic level predators that are integral components of marine ecosystems. During the breeding season, seabirds are central place foragers and must return to their nests to incubate eggs and provision young throughout the day. As such, they have limited foraging ranges during that time and will benefit from protected areas within these ranges. Marine protected areas (MPAs) can provide both direct and indirect benefits to seabirds. Direct benefits involve reducing the direct interactions seabirds have with humans like incidental take and gear entanglement as well as human- caused disturbance to breeding and roosting sites. Indirect benefits involve reducing competition with humans for prey resources. Many coastally breeding seabirds rely on juvenile age classes of fished species. Decreases in adult fish catch can lead to increased spawning biomass and, thus, more seabird prey. Herein, we summarize the results of baseline seabird monitoring within the South Coast Study Region (SCSR) of California’s Marine Life Protection Act (MLPA) Initiative in 2012-2013. The long-term objectives of our monitoring are to 1) document how seabirds are using coastal and nearshore habitats in relation to newly established MPAs and 2) develop seabirds as indicators to study the processes (e.g., recruitment) impacting change resulting from MPA establishment, including changes in nearshore fish and invertebrate populations and human use patterns that can impact seabirds.
Final Report for Use of Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats by Seabirds Within the MLPA South Coast Study Region
Visibility lookup table for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Visibility Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Taxon lookup table for the Least Tern diet in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Least Tern Diet - Taxon Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the location lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Location Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for the interval lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Interval Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Location lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Location Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the egg fate lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Egg Fate Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Coordinate lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Coordinate Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Location lookup table for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Location Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the taxon lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Taxon Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Egg fate lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Egg Fate Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for active lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Active Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for lay date lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Lay Date Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Block lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Block Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the lookup table for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats data in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Study Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for the taxon lookup table for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Nearshore Foraging - Taxon Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats sources data in the South Coast region of California.
Data for the seabird nearshore foraging in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Black Oyster Catcher data for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Black Oyster Catcher Data, 2012-2013
Brandt's Cormorant data for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Brandt's Cormorant Data, 2012-2013
Chick fate lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Chick Fate Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Methods and sampling metadata for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Methods and Sampling Metadata
Disturbance Monitoring - Observer Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Metadata for the taxon lookup table for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Taxon Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Lookup table for the MPA Baseline program.
Lookup table for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats data in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Study Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the chick fate lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Chick Fate Lookup Table Metadata, 2012-2013
Offspring data for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Offspring Data, 2012-2013
Coordinate lookup table for the disturbance monitoring of seabirds in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Disturbance Monitoring - Coordinate Lookup Table, 2012-2013
Metadata for the seabird population transect surveys in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats data in the South Coast region of California.
Population Transect Surveys - Metadata, 2012-2013
Taxon lookup table for seabird productivity in Estuarine, Intertidal, and Subtidal Habitats in the South Coast region of California.
Productivity - Taxon Lookup Table, 2012-2013