Caribbean Monthly Runoff

Total monthly runoff modeled globally by NASA. Total monthly runoff modeled globally by NASA. The map shows monthly runoff for the period of 2000 to the present, focused on the Caribbean.When precipitation falls on the surface of the Earth, much of it is captured in storage (e.g. lakes, aquifers, soil moisture, snowpack, and vegetation). Precipitation that exceeds the storage capacity of the landscape becomes runoff, which flows into river systems. Overland flow is the most visible form of runoff, causing erosion and flash floods, but subsurface flow is the larger contributor in many watersheds. Subsurface flow can emerge on the surface through springs, or more commonly, seep into rivers and lakes through their banks. In urban areas, impervious land cover drastically increases the amount of surface runoff generated, which sweeps trash and urban debris into waterways and increases the likelihood and severity of flash floods. In agricultural areas, surface or subsurface runoff can carry excess salts and nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus. This map contains a historical record showing the amount of runoff generated each month from March 200 to present. It is reported in millimeters, so multiply by a surface area to calculate the total volume of runoff.Dataset SummaryThe GLDAS Runoff layer is a time-enabled image service that shows average monthly runoff from 2000 to the present measured in millimeters. It is calculated by NASA using the Noah land surface model, run at 0.25 degree spatial resolution using satellite and ground-based observational data from the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS-1). The model is run with 3-hourly time steps and aggregated into monthly averages. Review the complete list of model inputs, explore the output data (in GRIB format), and see the full Hydrology Catalog for all related data and information!What can you do with this layer?This layer is suitable for both visualization and analysis. It can be used in ArcGIS Online in web maps and applications and can be used in ArcGIS Desktop. t is useful for scientific modeling, but only at global scales.Time: This is a time-enabled layer. It shows the total runoff generated during the map's time extent, or if time animation is disabled, a time range can be set using the layer's multidimensional filter. The map shows the sum of all months in the time extent. Minimum temporal resolution is one month; maximum is one year.Variables: This layer has two variables: surface flow and subsurface flow. By default the two are summed, but you can view either by itself using the multidimensional filter. You must disable time animation on the layer before using its multidimensional filter.Important: You must switch from the cartographic renderer to the analytic renderer in the processing template tab in the layer properties window before using this layer as an input to geoprocessing tools.This layer has query, identify, and export image services available.  This layer is part of a larger collection of earth observation maps that you can use to perform a wide variety of mapping and analysis tasks.The Living Atlas of the World provides an easy way to explore the earth observation layers and many other beautiful and authoritative maps on hundreds of topics.Geonet is a good resource for learning more about earth observations layers and the Living Atlas of the World. Follow the Living Atlas on GeoNet.

Data and Resources

Field Value
dcat_issued 2020-03-19T21:17:49.000Z
dcat_modified 2020-03-20T03:53:25.000Z
dcat_publisher_name Caribbean GeoPortal
guid https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=b51f95a68f9247cd89c3c7b7f24968d7
Tags
  • Caribbean
  • GLDAS
  • NOAH
  • Water Balance
  • earth observations
isopen False
metadata_created 2025-09-18T19:30:39.378318
metadata_modified 2025-09-19T18:15:49.366924
notes <div>Total monthly runoff modeled globally by NASA. Total monthly runoff modeled globally by NASA. The map shows monthly runoff for the period of 2000 to the present, focused on the Caribbean.<br /></div><div><br /></div><div>When precipitation falls on the surface of the Earth, much of it is captured in storage (e.g. lakes, aquifers, soil moisture, snowpack, and vegetation). Precipitation that exceeds the storage capacity of the landscape becomes runoff, which flows into river systems. Overland flow is the most visible form of runoff, causing erosion and flash floods, but subsurface flow is the larger contributor in many watersheds. Subsurface flow can emerge on the surface through springs, or more commonly, seep into rivers and lakes through their banks. </div><div><br /></div><div>In urban areas, impervious land cover drastically increases the amount of surface runoff generated, which sweeps trash and urban debris into waterways and increases the likelihood and severity of flash floods. In agricultural areas, surface or subsurface runoff can carry excess salts and nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus. This map contains a historical record showing the amount of runoff generated each month from March 200 to present. It is reported in millimeters, so multiply by a surface area to calculate the total volume of runoff.</div><div><br /></div><div><span><font size='4'>Dataset Summary</font></span></div><div><span>The GLDAS Runoff layer is a time-enabled image service that shows average monthly runoff from 2000 to the present measured in </span>millimeters<span>. It is calculated by NASA using the </span><a href='https://ral.ucar.edu/sites/default/files/public/product-tool/unified-noah-lsm/Noah_LSM_USERGUIDE_2.7.1.pdf' rel='nofollow ugc' target='_blank'>Noah</a> land surface model<span>, run at 0.25 degree spatial resolution using </span><span>satellite </span><span>and ground-based observational data</span><span> from the </span><a href='https://ldas.gsfc.nasa.gov/' rel='nofollow ugc' target='_blank'>Global Land Data Assimilation System</a><span> (GLDAS-1). The model is run with 3-hourly time steps and aggregated into monthly averages. Review the complete list of model </span><a href='https://ldas.gsfc.nasa.gov/gldas/GLDASforcing.php' rel='nofollow ugc' target='_blank'>inputs</a><span>, explore the </span><a href='https://hydro1.gesdisc.eosdis.nasa.gov/data/GLDAS/GLDAS_NOAH025_M.2.1/' rel='nofollow ugc' target='_blank'>output</a> data (in GRIB format), and see the full Hydrology <a href='https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets?keywords=Hydrology' rel='nofollow ugc' target='_blank'>Catalog</a> for all related data and information!</div><div><span><br /></span></div><div><p><font size='4'>What can you do with this layer?</font><br />This layer is suitable for both visualization and analysis. It can be used in ArcGIS Online in web maps and applications and can be used in ArcGIS Desktop. t is useful for scientific modeling, but only at global scales.</p><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><b><font color='#8b0000'>Time</font></b>: This is a time-enabled layer. It shows the total runoff generated during the map's time extent, or if time animation is disabled, a time range can be set using the layer's multidimensional filter. The map shows the sum of all months in the time extent. Minimum temporal resolution is one month; maximum is one year.</div><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><br /></div><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><b><font color='#8b0000'>Variables:</font></b> This layer has two variables: surface flow and subsurface flow. By default the two are summed, but you can view either by itself using the multidimensional filter. You must disable time animation on the layer before using its multidimensional filter.</div><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><br /></div><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><b><font color='#8b0000'>Important:</font> </b>You must switch from the cartographic renderer to the analytic renderer in the processing template tab in the layer properties window before using this layer as an input to geoprocessing tools.<br /></div><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px; color:rgb(77, 77, 77);'><br /></div><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><span>This layer has </span><a href='https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/desktop/latest/map/web-maps-and-services/querying-an-image-service-layer.htm' rel='nofollow ugc' target='_blank'>query</a><span>, </span><a href='https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/desktop/latest/map/working-with-layers/identifying-features.htm' rel='nofollow ugc' target='_blank'>identify</a><span>, and </span><a href='https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/desktop/latest/manage-data/raster-and-images/downloading-from-an-image-services.htm' rel='nofollow ugc' target='_blank'>export</a><span> image services available. </span> </div><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><br /></div><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><span>This layer is part of a larger collection of </span><a href='https://www.arcgis.com/home/group.html?owner=esri_atlas&amp;title=Earth%20Observation%20Maps' rel='nofollow ugc' target='_blank'>earth observation maps</a><span> that you can use to perform a wide variety of mapping and analysis tasks.</span><br /></div><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><br /></div><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'>The <a href='https://doc.arcgis.com/en/living-atlas/#s=0&amp;n=0&amp;d=1&amp;col=&amp;fs=0&amp;fn=30&amp;npp=120&amp;subCat=0' rel='nofollow ugc' target='_blank'>Living Atlas of the World</a> provides an easy way to explore the earth observation layers and many other beautiful and authoritative maps on hundreds of topics.</div><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><br /></div><div style='margin:0px; padding:0px;'><a href='https://geonet.esri.com' rel='nofollow ugc' target='_blank'>Geonet</a> is a good resource for learning more about earth observations layers and the Living Atlas of the World. Follow the <a href='https://geonet.esri.com/groups/livingatlas?sr=search&amp;searchId=ec0b33d6-14bb-4319-8ad5-38961b68610e&amp;searchIndex=0' rel='nofollow ugc' target='_blank'>Living Atlas on GeoNet</a>.</div></div></div></div></div>
num_resources 1
num_tags 5
title Caribbean Monthly Runoff
url https://www.caribbeangeoportal.com/maps/Caribbean::caribbean-monthly-runoff